Robert E. Lee's Invasion of the North

 

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Civil War Harper's Weekly, June 27, 1863

Welcome to our online collection of Civil War Harper's Weekly newspapers. We hope you enjoy browsing this incredible collection. The wood cut illustrations provide an incredible view into this important aspect of American History.

 

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Before Vicksburg

Before Vicksburg

Lee Invades Pennsylvania

Lee Invades Pennsylvania

Lee's Northern Ivasion

Lee's Invasion of the North

Siege of Vicksburg

Siege of Vicksburg

Dueling

Dueling

Port Hudson

Siege of Port Hudson

Democratic Cartoon

Democratic Party Cartoon

 

Vicksburg

Approaches to Vicksburg

Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania Battle Map

Sedgwick Crossing Rappahonnock

General Sedgwick Crossing the Rappahannock

Rebel Dead

Rebel Dead

Rifle Pits

Rifle Pits

Attack on Port Hudson

Attack on Port Hudson

 

 

 

 

 

 

JUNE 27, 1863.]

HARPER'S WEEKLY.

403

"And Quiroga, the ferocious Quiroga, subdued by the nobleness of this man, set him at liberty; and this was the first and last instance in which he ever gave life or liberty to an enemy.

"But the fate of Marshal Ney was reserved for Barcala. On a journey from Mendoza to Chili he was taken by the Friar General Aldao. He ordered him to be shot; and Barcala only begged permission to give the word of command to those who should shoot him. When he was taken from the prison he came out clothed in his gala uniform, and with his seventeen decorations; and with clear and strong voice he said to those about him, the following words, very notable and difficult to forget, 'I shall die with the only sorrow of seeing my fatherland oppressed by tyrants; but I die with the satisfaction that my name will remain in the Argentine history: and as Christianity treasures the memory of her martyrs, so liberty shall remember those of her sons who have been sacrificed for her.' After this he gave a "Hurrah for the Argentine Republic free from tyrants!" and with perfect confidence commanded the riflemen to fire.

"Colonel Barcala is one of the most beautiful characters in the Argentine history, the most heroic history of South America. His last words are realized. No domestic or foreign tyrant profanes the soil of the land he loved so well, and every free Argentine treasures the memory of Barcala."

ANOTHER MASK OFF.

THAT there are plenty of men who have been politically known as "Democrats," and who are unreservedly in favor of suppressing this rebellion at every cost, is known to every man. Jefferson Davis was not a better Democrat than Benjamin F. Butler; nor is Vallandigham's "Democracy" more unimpeachable than Daniel S. Dickinson's. General Burnside is not less a Democrat than Fernando Wood; and General Logan would hardly yield his claim as a Democrat to that of Judah Benjamin or John Slidell.

Judge Amasa J. Parker, of this State, has lately taken elaborate pains to give the exact measure of his "Democracy." As a late leader in that party, and one of its former favorite candidates for Governor, his words have some importance. Let every loyal Democrat therefore carefully consider both what he says and what he means. In his recent speech he uses the following language:

"If it is true, as it, doubtless is, that the South are engaged in an unjust rebellion against the Constitution, it is also true that the men in power are equally rebelling against that Constitution; and we stand to defend that instrument, and to respectfully and forcibly protest against their violation of it."

Judge Parker puts the guilt of the rebellion conditionally, that of the Government unconditionally. He protests against the guilt (as he assumes) of the Government, and passes over that of the rebellion in significant silence. He declares that Ohio will be unworthy of the government given us by our fathers if she does not elect as her Governor a man who is straining every nerve to help those who are trying to destroy that government; and he continued for an hour and more to denounce the worse than Asiatic tyranny which, according to him, will not suffer itself to be denounced.

This gentleman, Judge Amasa J. Parker, takes his position with every other man in the land who, either with arms in his hand or venom upon his tongue, aims to embarrass, paralyze, and destroy the Government and the Union. His "Democracy" is that of Jeff Davis and Toombs, of Wood and Vallandigham—not that of Grant and Rosecrans, of Tod, Wright, and Odell. Which is the Democracy of the future no sane man has any doubt.

OFFICIAL DIGNITY.

WE congratulate the city of Brooklyn upon its chief magistrate. Dignity and intelligence are usually associated with a position of such importance; and doubtless the good people of Brooklyn intend that their chief civil officer shall not fail to display these qualities. How fully their expectations are satisfied they will find upon consulting the report of a late public meeting at which his Honor the Mayor of Brooklyn presided. During his opening speech some enthusiast for liberty, Union, and national honor called for three cheers for

 "Valligordom." He meant the man "martyrized" by the Lincoln despotism, but he was understood to mean the four million men martyrized by the rebels. Thereupon the audience, being composed of what are facetiously termed "Democrats," or friends of human rights, began to groan and hiss and demand the instant forcible expulsion of any citizen who proposed any expression of sympathy for the most unfortunate class of people in the world.

His Honor the Mayor of Brooklyn, interrupted by such an unseemly suggestion, rose to the height of the occasion. He said at once: "If the gentle man has any thing to say, let him say it in a mannerly way." And he instantly set the example of a mannerly way by adding: "If the gentleman had rather embrace a niXXer baby than a white one, let him say so." The remark was greeted

with "tremendous applause" by what Judge Parker called "this vast assemblage, worthy in intelligence and numbers of the great question it has come here to consider, attesting the dignity of the occasion."

Now, if this remark of the chief magistrate of Brooklyn is not dignified, decent, humane, and "mannerly"—what is? If it does not indicate a lofty mind, a noble and heroic perception of propriety and duty at a time so solemn and perilous as this—what does? If the people of Brooklyn can not confide in the upright intention, superior to party prejudice, and enlightened by the truest humanity of his Honor the Mayor—in whom can they confide? Has not every loyal man in the land reason to be proud of this chief magistrate of one of its largest cities?

"AMERICAN BASTILES."

MR. FRANCIS KEY HOWARD, one of the Maryland aiders and abettors of the rebellion, and for that reason arrested and confined in an "American bastile," is not likely to enter upon any further complaints of his treatment so long as he knows that Mr. Sidney Cromwell has the free use of his faculties. For in a brief and trenchant pamphlet (A. D. F. Randolph, publisher) Mr. Cromwell replies to Mr. Howard's complaints in a simply unanswerable strain. The brisk, caustic humor of the pamphlet gives it a charming pungency. The writer says:

"For the question now put to the arbitrament of war, and which only war can settle, is whether the nation, for the formation and preservation of which your Maryland grandfather, Francis Key, thanked the Almighty in the patriotic song to which you refer with such pardonable pride, shall be preserved again and forever by passing triumphantly through this its last and its supreme trial, or whether it shall be shivered into feeble and jarring fragments. If you can doubt which of these alternatives the people of this country have chosen—if you can suppose for a moment that they will allow the personal liberty and temporary comfort of you or me, or a hundred or a thousand others, to stand in the way of the preservation of the nation, you are a fit tenant of that sort of Bastile in which despotic men in their vulgar senses arbitrarily imprison high-toned lunatics."

This little pamphlet, called "Political Opinions in 1776 and 1863," is well worth reading and pondering.

HUMORS OF THE DAY.

A FEAT OF STRENGTH.—A well known ticket-of-leave man, with a bludgeon in his hand, being pursued by the police, at a tremendous pace tore up the pavement of a street which had just been laid down by the workmen. In spite of his fearful weapon he was ultimately captured.

MAIL CONTRACT FOR THE UNITED STATES. —There is only one "Mail Contract" (says a young lady) that she would care about embracing, or embarking in, and that is a Promise of Marriage.

ADVICE TO PARENTS.—Recollect the child's mind is nothing better than a sheet of letter paper; so mind, its address in after-life will depend entirely upon the way in which you direct it.

TOO HORRIBLE.—The usually quiet village of Exe, on the banks of the Wye, was disturbed by the following appalling occurrence: it seems that an old woman instigated by hunger, and knowing that the butcher's was not far off, aroused her daughter from a peaceful slumber, and dispatched her. The ferocious act has cast a gloom over the surrounding neighborhood.

A fellow having imbibed rather freely took it into his head that he could fly, and, to get a good position, ascended a sign-post and started. He was questioned next day as to how he liked flying. "Oh," said he, "it's nothing to fly, the lighting is the hardest part of the operation."

A very worthy and pious old dame had several books lent her which she could not read, so she got a little girl to read to her. The curate of the church lent her "Pilgrim's Progress," and a nephew a copy of "Robinson Crusoe." Having read them alternately, the dame got the text a little mixed up; and when the curate called upon her, and asked how she liked "Pilgrim's Progress," he was somewhat surprised when she replied, "It's a marvelous book, truly; why, what big troubles him and his man Friday undergoed."

THE GREAT LIAR.

Old Stiggins was a noted scamp,

He'd lie the handle off a lamp,

And silly mischief brew;

He never had but two black eyes,

He'd beat a druggist vending leys,

And a ship a lying-to.

 

He moulded lies with cunning pate, He knew that man could castigate, As his scars did truly show;

The cause no mortal should forget,

His pearly teeth were a false set,

And his voice a falset-to.

 

One day a drover did espy

Old Stiggins, whom he thought would buy

A mare trained to the course:

In vain persuasions—force was tried,

"It's not a mare!" the old rogue cried,

Till his lying made him hoarse.

 

"Look, what a tail!" the drover cried,

" 'Twould please a ruler's kingly pride

When courtly fancies fail."

"What! that a tail?" the rogue replies,

"Don't think to blind these precious eyes,

For I can tell a tale."

 

The drover pounced upon him quick,

And beat him with a stout old stick,

Until his arms did tire;

Old Stiggins writhed, and yelled in fear;

The notes did charm the truthful ear,

When the drover touched the liar.

 

At last old Stiggins lost his breath, 'Twas stolen by the hand of Death, But much against his will;

And as his friends did take their leave, Sad feelings did each bosom heave, When they found him lying still.

An Irishman being asked by his angry master what he did to the dog every day to make him cry out as if cruelly treated, replied, "Cruelly trait him, yer honor?—not I! I never could hurt a poor, dumb cratur in my loife; but yer honor bade me cut his tail, and so I cut only a little bit off every day, to make it more aisy for him."

"Are you going in any business?" asked Jim Brown, as he met Tim Smith strolling up Whitechapel, the other evening. "No," was the reply, "but I am going to open a strop very soon." "Open a shop?" "Yes, I am!" "What kind of a shop, pray?" "A jeweler's shop!" "You must be joking. You know you haven't a farthing." "You'll see if I don't." "When?" "Why just as soon as I can get a crow-bar," replied Tim, and cooly walked away toward a public, to see if he could not swindle some one out of a drink.

A widow lady, with her intended husband, presented themselves before a well-known clergyman to be united in the holy bands of wedlock. "You have buried Mr. Johnson, then?" said the divine. "Oh yes, poor, dear, deadand-gone Mr. Johnson, I lost him, and it broke my heart!" "Yes, it has broken your heart," replied the clergyman, and now you have come to me to have it re-paired."

A countryman came to London to sell his fruit, but for some cause fell asleep. The boys, knowing this to be the index of negligence, helped themselves to the contents of the wagon. "Oh, what a dreadful thing!" exclaimed an old lady, rolling her eyes like a ship in a storm. "Not so dreadful, ma'am," said a by-stander. "You see the farmer was taking a nap, and the boys were only taking an apple."

"What, miss, you here from boarding-school, and without asking my permission?" said an anxious father: "that's bad. What motive brought you now?" "The loco-motive, pa." "The locomotive? That's good." "Why, pa, you just said it was bad." "Did I? Well, there, I forgive you."

A lock that can not be picked by burglars.—Wedlock.

DO YOU GIVE IT UP?

Why is a child with a cold in its head like a winter's night?

Because it blows it snows (it blows its nose).

Why is a tedious story-teller like the Thames Tunnel? Because he is a great bore.

Why is a man who keeps the toll at a bridge like a Jew? Because he keeps the pass-over.

Why are two girls giggling like the wings of a chicken? Because they have got a merry thought between them.

Why is a parasite like a pair of spectacles? Because he magnifies small things.

My first is no disgrace to tell;

Without the second you can not spell; The third will help you to a wife,

To bless or curse you all your life.

Love-letter.

Always invisible, yet never out of sight? Letter S (in visible).

What two animals had the least luggage in the ark?

The fox and the cock, for they only had a brush and comb between them.

How many young ladies will reach from London to Brighton, it being fifty miles?

Fifty, for a miss is as good as a mile.

Which is the fastest, heat or cold? Heat, because you can catch a cold.

What must you add to nine to make six?

S, for ix with S is six.

Why are the teeth like verbs?

Because they are regular, irregular, and defective.

DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE.

THE INVASION OF THE NORTH.

As we intimated in our last number, the rebels are fulfilling their threat of invading the North. It appears that the army under Lee commenced to move in a northwesterly direction on 9th June, and that General Hooker, discerning his intention, moved on 11th or 12th on a parallel line. On the morning of 12th, a rebel corps, said to have been Jackson's old corps, now commanded by General Ewell, passed through Strasburg. The alarm was given, and General Milroy at Winchester prepared for defense. He was attacked on 13th, and his assailants being far too strong to be successfully resisted, he fell back, after a severe fight, to Harper's Ferry. On the same day, 13th, a Union force at Berryville, and another body at Middletown, were attacked, and fell back to the Potomac. On 14th, Sunday, Martinsburg was attacked, and a sharp affair occurred. We have no precise account of how it ended. It is stated, however, that our forces made good their retreat to the Potomac. On the evening of 14th and the morning of 15th, a large body of rebel troops, how many or of what description we know not, crossed the Potomac in the vicinity of Nolan's Ford, and moved on Hagerstown, which was evacuated by our troops on 15th. In failing back, our people are said to have taken with them their stores, supplies, and guns. At 9 P.M. on 15th, the rebel advance-guard is said to have entered Chambersburg, which place we are likewise reported to have evacuated. Other rebel columns are described as moving on Mercersburg, on the one hand, and Waynesboro on the other. On 16th the rebel advance, consisting mainly of cavalry, was at Chambersburg and Scotland. The forces assembled for the protection of the State were at Shippensburg, Pennsylvania. Harrisburg was threatened, but it was believed that we could save it.

Of General Hooker's movements no precise account has yet transpired, though it is known that his entire army has moved in the direction of Manassas Gap. The President has called for 120,000 men, viz., 100,000 six months'

men, namely, 50,000 from Pennsylvania, 30,000 from Ohio, 10,000 from Maryland, and 10,000 from West Virginia; and 20,000 New York State militia, to serve for a short period. Proclamations calling out troops have been issued by the Governors of Olio and Pennsylvania, and troops are moving with alacrity toward the scene of conflict.

STRENGTH OF LEE'S ARMY.

It has been ascertained that the reinforcements reaching General Lee from the Carolinas and elsewhere have swelled his army to double the number he had in the battle of Chancellorsville. His force is divided into three corps, of 30,000 men each.

THE SIEGE OF VICKSBURG.

We have advices from Vicksburg and vicinity to the 12th inst., at which time the situation was generally unchanged, though our lines were being daily contracted. The late rains had improved the condition of the army. Joe Johnson was still receiving reinforcements from the East, and was preparing for an attack. About 6000 of Kirby Smith's force were reported to have come up the Washita River, and to be making demonstrations on the Louisiana side of the river, in consequence of which our troops at Milliken's Bend had been reinforced. The army is perfectly confident that Vicksburg will be taken.

THE FIGHT AT MILLIKEN'S BEND.

At the fight at Milliken's Bend on 7th the rebels, under McCulloch, 2500 strong, advanced upon our forces, composed of three negro regiments and the Twenty-third Iowa Volunteers. The rebels made a desperate charge at daylight. The negroes broke in confusion; but, finding that their captured companions were being slaughtered by the rebels, rallied with great desperation, and drove the rebels back, with heavy loss on both sides.

GENERAL KIMBALL'S EXPEDITION.

General Kimball's expedition up the Yazoo was a success. He went up as far as Sataria, with a force of 3000 men, thirty miles below Yazoo City, and arrived there on the 4th inst. He learned that a rebel force, under General Wirt Adams, 2000 strong, was not far off, and he immediately marched to meet him. At 10 A.M. on Thursday, the 4th inst., he came up with the pickets of the enemy, when a brisk fight ensued, lasting thirty minutes. The enemy gave way, and a total rout ensued. Our loss was one killed and seventeen wounded. Their loss in killed and wounded was considerable. We captured a hundred prisoners.

THE DEFENSES OF PORT HUDSON.

A most interesting description of Port Hudson and the state of things there has been given to the Herald by a Confederate prisoner. It appears that the defenses of the place consist not only of fortifications and heavy artillery around the town, but of outer works composed of intrenched abatis, stretching out for nearly ten miles in a semicircle, bristling with cannon of heavy calibre. The water defenses consist of ten batteries, numbering between thirty and forty guns, some of them being 11-inch and others 13-inch bore. One of these batteries is stationed on a bluff 80 feet high. The strength of the garrison is between four and five thousand, but their provisions and ammunition are said to be giving out. The post is commanded by General Franklin Gardner, a graduate of West Point, and formerly an officer in the United States army.

THE RECENT CAVALRY FIGHT.

The rebel reports of the great cavalry fight on the Rappahannock state that Fitzhugh Lee was severely wounded, and that a number of prominent rebel officers were killed. They acknowledge a loss of several hundred in killed, wounded, and prisoners, and that we gained to much ground as to capture General Stuart's head-quarters near Brandy, and also near Brandy Station.

General Stuart, of the rebel cavalry, has replied to a flag of truce sent by General Pleasanton that all our killed in the late cavalry raid at Beverly Ford have been decently interred, and that all our wounded prisoners are being humanely cared for. He refuses to permit the friends of the dead to cross his lines for the purpose of removing their remains.

MORE REBEL PRIVATEERS.

Two new privateer steamers have made their appearance, and it would appear from all the reports that they are scouring the Atlantic Ocean as far down as Cape Horn, and from that point round into the Pacific, to intercept our vessels from China and India. The reports of these bold proceedings on the part of the rebel navy appear to have waked up our Navy Department, for four United States vessels were sent from this port on 13th; three were ordered out from Hampton Roads at the same time; and others are under orders to follow immediately to hunt up the Clarence (or Coquette). Two sailing vessels, captured by the pirates, have been converted into privateers. The Alabama destroyed during the mouth of April, south of the equator, four United States vessels—the Dorcas Prince, Sea Lark, Union Jack, and Nye—with valuable cargoes.

WHAT OUR BLOCKADERS ARE DOING.

The Assistant Secretary of the Navy, Mr. Fox, reports somewhat favorably of the action of our blockading squadron. He states that up to the 1st of June they captured 855 rebel vessels, which shows that the Department has not been asleep all the time.

COPPERHEADISM CROPPING OUT.

In Indiana recently some resistance has been shown to the enrolling officers doing their duty under the Conscription Act. A Deputy Provost-Marshal, a detective, and an enrolling officer were fired upon on Wednesday near Mannville, in Rush County, and the first two killed. Two companies of soldiers have been sent to the locality of the murder. A soldier was also shot at Shelbyville, Indiana, on Wednesday, by a deserter whom he was attempting to arrest.

VALLANDIGHAM.

It is understood that Mr. Vallandigham has proceeded to some Southern port, from which he intends to take his departure for Nassau.

FOREIGN NEWS.

FRANCE.

THE ELECTIONS.

THE French elections, conducted under a universal suffrage franchise, were concluded on the 1st of June. The Government candidates were defeated in every district of Paris save one. They carried the rural districts, with very few exceptions. Of two hundred and sixty-eight elections the Emperor's friends gained two hundred and fifty-two. It was thought the Opposition in the new Legislature would number twenty-six members of the highest talent and name. This result was regarded as very unfortunate for Napoleon. There did not occur a single riot or breach of the peace in the whole extent of France during the two election days.

POLAND.

THE INSURRECTION.

The Poles have again defeated the Russians in battle. France, England, and Austria forwarded a joint note to the Czar, asking a representative government and an amnesty for Poland. The French Emperor having invited the United States Cabinet to join the Allied Powers in their representations to Russia, Secretary Seward declined, on the ground that our traditional policy of non-interference in European affairs must be adhere to. Mr. Seward's note has been published in St. Petersburg.

JAPAN.

WAR WITH ENGLAND AND FRANCE.

The English Admiral has demanded of the Japanese Government a large indemnity and the surrender of the murderers of Mr. Richardson, failing which France and England would declare war against Japan. There were at latest dates thirteen British war ships and the French Admiral's flag-ship at Kanagawa. The Japanese had nearly all left there, and all the merchant-vessels had been detained to take on board foreign residents in case war ensued.

CLARA.—"Don't you think it an anomaly, Tom, your preparing to fight for your hearth and hone, while you have not a wife?"

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