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Civil War Harper's Weekly, April 16, 1864

Harper's Weekly served as the primary source of information for people at the time of the Civil War. The newspaper had in depth coverage of the key events of the day, including stunning illustrations created by artists in the field who witnessed the battles and events depicted.

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HARPER'S WEEKLY.

APRIL 16, 1864.]

(Previous Page) nounced that his object in bringing the matter to a vote was to test the sincerity of the oft-repeated declaration of the Union men that they were not in favor of negro equality.

" Here's richness!" quoth Mr. SQUEERS over his skimmed milk. Here's statesmanship! We trust that Mr. PENDLETON will have had his vote before this, and that every Union man in the House will be present, and in a clear voice declare that the Congress of the American people holds this truth to be self-evident that all men, including Ohio Copperheads as well as the brave brethren of ROBERT SMALLS, and the black heroes of Milliken's Bend, Port Hudson, Fort Wagner, and Olustee, are created equal, and with an inalienable right to life and liberty so long as they behave themselves, and that the right to throw a vote shall not be determined by a man's height, nor the fashion of his clothes, nor the shape of his hat, nor the color of his skin.

It is quite time that this absurd talk about "negro equality" was ended. Does Mr. PENDLETON believe in " French equality," or "Irish equality," or "Chinese equality ?" Does he think a drunkard and degraded man of any nation, who can neither read nor write, who is a nuisance and a pest, has a higher claim to "equality" than FREDERICK DOUGLASS? Let him be careful how he answers. Noscitur a sociis. ROBERT SMALLS is a much more valuable and honorable citizen of the United States than ROBERT TOOMBS.

OLD AND NEW COPPERHEADS.

As an illustration of the utter extinction of the right of free speech, which, with all other rights and liberties in this country, the bloated tyrant LINCOLN has annihilated in blood, we commend the following extract from a "Democratic" journal, the Metropolitan Record, a most faithful servant and expositor of the "Democracy" which consists in toadying slave-lords, and supporting the theory that capital ought to own labor:

"As to the freedom and independence of the South we have no apprehensions. Her people can never be conquered, and, if that were possible, ABRAHAM LINCOLN is not the man to accomplish that subjugation. The address of the Virginia Assembly is a proof that the resolution which animated Virginia all through this war is as unbroken as ever; that there is no faltering, no wavering. In the eloquent words of this great document, 'Virginia takes no step backward.'   Grand old State, may we never
see the day when you shall have to bow beneath the yoke of the oppressor! If that day should ever come, then will the friends of freedom, the lovers of true heroism and manhood, mourn over the sad fate of a great people, who fell while fighting for liberty and independence—fell on the

same soil that gave birth to WASHINGTON, to one whose name should have been sufficient to save the great Commonwealth from the tread of the heartless invader."

This is like the speech which FERNANDO WOOD made last autumn at Bergen, in New Jersey, in which he said : " There is no such thing as rebellion under the institutions upon which the Government of this country is founded. Suppose New York chose to secede, who dare attempt to prevent her? Virginia has the same right as New York   It is the duty of the people now to refuse to give another man or another dollar for the purpose of carrying on the war."

If any man asks why the Government, in the midst of a civil war, does not silence such talk, the reply is very obvious ; because it is quite strong enough to tolerate it. But its constitutional right and power to send FERNANDO WOOD to Fort Lafayette and to suspend the Metropolitan Record are as indisputable as its right to kill a rebel upon the battle-field. They are not derived from the clause which declares that treason shall consist in levying war, but in that which empowers the suspension of the writ of habeas corpus when, in time of rebellion and invasion, the public safety requires it. In such instances as these, and at this time, the Government rightly judges that the public safety does not require it. For the great mass of the American people feel toward such orators and newspapers as their fathers felt toward Bache's Aurora, which said of General WASHINGTON, when he retired from the Presidency : "The man who is the source of the misfortunes of our country is this day reduced to a level with his fellow-citizens......The name of WASHINGTON from this day ceases to give currency to political iniquity and to legalize corruption."

What the slanderers of Washington said of him their descendants, the Copperheads, now say of the Government of which he was a chief founder. They are equally safe in public contempt. They and their falsehoods will be equally held in the undying scorn of the American people.

GENERAL ORDER No. 28.

GENERAL DIX has issued a strict order against thieves. General Order No. 28 recites that his attention has been called to the fact that the county of Richmond (Staten Island), the town of West Farms, Westchester county, and several other towns have provided for a bounty of three hundred dollars to recruits, and that the authorities have provided that a hundred of this sum shall be paid to the recruit, leaving the disposition of the rest to be settled between the recruit and the bounty broker—in other words, giving the broker two hundred dollars.

This infamous connivance of the authorities with the bounty brokers whom the United States liberally pay for their services, General DIX wisely in-

tends to stop summarily; and therefore orders that no enlisting officer shall receive any recruit who has not received the bounty raised for him in the county or town; and that no recruit shall be allowed to pay any part of his bounty to the runner, even though an agreement be shown, such agreements being almost always fraudulent. The General most properly holds that when a certain amount, per man, is levied upon a town or county as bounty money it must be paid to the recruit, and any other appropriation of it is unlawful. But if the money be raised upon conditions specifically stated, as for instance, that two hundred dollars shall be paid to the recruit and one hundred to the runner, then the General says that the only remedy for the recruit is to enlist where he is more liberally treated, and for the tax-payers to place their money in the hands of men who will not lavish it on runners and bounty brokers.

This is an admirable order, and we wish only that it had been earlier issued. The tax-payers of Richmond county especially have suffered grievously from this business. Notwithstanding that much of the money was subscribed upon the express condition that able-bodied young unmarried men should not be bought off, we learn that the quota of the county was bargained for with substitute brokers, and that a large share of the money raised has gone into their hands. But if strictly enforced General DIX'S order will put an end to such proceedings, and, as he says, "protect recruits from the frauds practiced upon them," and also the tax-payers from the frauds to which they have been subjected.

  THE BOOK TRADE AND THE FAIR.

WE published last week a statement of the contributions made by the "BOOK TRADE," up to the 25th of March, to the Fund of the METROPOLITAN FAIR. Since that time the following additional subscriptions have been handed in to the Booksellers'' Committee of the Fair, making an aggregate, so far, of about Eleven Thousand Four Hundred and Thirty Dollars from this source.

CARLTON & PORTER    $500

EYRE & SPOTTISWOODE    $250

W.I. Pooley & Co.........................100

J.W. & G.D. Burnton (Cash).... ..100

M. W. DODD...............................100

AM. S. S. UNION, per Geo. S. SCOFIELD, Agt   100

ROUTLEDGE, WARNER, & ROUTLEDGE    100

P. O. SHEA   25

JAMES POTT, Agent    25

CHAS. PROBSTING   20

THEO. BERNHARD (Additional)    10

ALEX. FLEMING (Cash)   10

A. TURNBULL (Additional Cash)........5

DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE. CONGRESS.   

SENATE.—March 30. Several bills were reported from committee and referred.—Mr. Sherman submitted a letter with details of the claim of Mrs. Mary Throckmorton for compensation for six negroes claimed as her own, which the District Commissioners of Emancipation could not allow, her husband being in the rebel army, though a son is an officer in the Union army.—Mr. Harlan reported a bill to aid a railroad in Iowa, from McGregor along the forty-third parallel to a point on the Missouri River, with a branch up Cedar Valley, toward Mankota, Minnesota, and one from Sioux City to Mankota, giving five alternate sections per mile.—Mr. Wade called up the House bill to provide a temporary Government for the Territory of Montana. Mr. Wilkinson offered an amendment to the sixth section, striking out the words "free white male inhabitants," and inserting "the male citizens of the United States, or those who shall have declared their intention to become such."—The morning hour expired, and the Senate proceeded to the consideration of the joint resolution amendatory to the Constitution. Mr. Davis, of Kentucky, made a speech against the measure.—March 31. The House bill to provide a temporary Government for the Territory of Montana was taken up, the pending question being to strike out the word " white" in the fifth section, defining the qualifications of voters and eligibility to office within the Territory. The amendment was adopted—22 to 17. After a brief debate the bill was passed—29 to 8.—Mr. Saulsbury then addressed the Senate on the joint resolution to amend the Constitution to prohibit slavery. Mr. Davis moved the following amendment as a substitute : " That no negro, or person whose mother or grandmother is or was a negro, shall be a citizen of the United States, or be eligible to any civil or military office, or any place of trust or profit under the United States." On this he called for Yeas and Nays, but no quorum voted.—April 1. Mr. Nesmith called up the bill to establish assay offices at Carson City, Nevada, and Dalles City, Oregon, and moved an amendment establishing a branch mint at Portland, Oregon, instead of an assay office at Dalles City. He advocated this motion at some length.—Mr. Powell endeavored to obtain the floor to get up his resolution calling on the Secretary of War for information in regard to the churches and property of Christian denominations taken possession of by his own orders or the orders of generals of the army. Several Senators desired to get up other bills.—The Senate, after a long executive session, adjourned until Monday.----April 4. A resolution was adopted directing the Committee on Foreign Relations to consider the expediency of so amending the Neutrality Laws as to make them reciprocal to each Government, extending entire neutrality to those which return the same, and to others the exact measure of neutrality which they extend to us.—Mr. Sumner reported a bill to establish a Bureau of Emancipation.—A bill for the adjustment and satisfaction of claims for spoliations committed by the French prior to July 31, 1801, was reported. This bill provides satisfaction to the amount of five millions of dollars for damages through seizures, detentions, and captures made by the French. It does not favor claims embraced in the Convention of 1803, nor those in the treaty of 1819 between the United States and Spain, nor those in the treaty of 1831 with France.—The House bill providing for the enlistment of residents of one State into the regiments of other States was taken up. Mr. Grimes opposed the bill. Under it, he said, States unsuccessful in filling their quotas could go into the States in rebellion and enlist colored men who had been slaves to make up their deficiencies. To this he had a decided objection, as it would make confusion worse confounded and demoralize our army. Mr. Sherman also opposed the bill, and Mr. Trumbull believed its passage would produce great mischief. Mr. Wilson argued in its favor, on the ground that it would secure thousands of men for our armies from the States partly under rebel control. No vote was reached.—The joint resolution to amend the Constitution so as to abolish slavery was taken up, and Mr. Howe spoke in favor of the measure.   

April 5. A bill for the collection of taxes in the insurrectionary districts, with amendments striking out the provision authorizing grants of forty-acre lots to soldiers, and that empowering the Tax Commissioner to set aside sales deemed to be unfairly made, was reported.—Mr. Anthony submitted an amendment to the bill for the relief of the Justices of the Supreme Court and District Courts at the age of seventy, if they desire it; giving Justices of the Supreme Court from $4000 to $6000, according to the length of their official service, and three fourths of their salaries to Justices of the District Courts, provided such

salaries shall not be less than $2000 each in cases where the service has exceeded fifteen years.—The joint resolution to amend the Constitution came up as the prior order. Mr. Johnson spoke with great force and eloquence in favor of the removal of slavery, which has produced so much mischief. Mr. Davis's amendment, that " no negro person whose mother or grandmother is or was a negro shall be a citizen of the United States, or be eligible to any civil or military office, or any place of trust or profit under the United States," was rejected, as were other amendments offered by Messrs. Powell and Davis.

House--March 30. The House went into Committee of the Whole on the National Bank bill, and a number of amendments to the thirtieth section, principally as to the rate of interest, were adopted.—The House then proceeded to consider the bill for the reconstruction of States subjugated by the rebellion, Mr. Ashley advocating its passage.—March 31. Mr. Shannon reported the Senate bill, which was passed, for the better organization of the Department of Indian Affairs in California.—The House then resumed the consideration of the bill, declaring the Raritan and Delaware Bay Railroad to be a Post and Military road. Mr. Garfield advocated the measure, when the subject was passed over, and the House went into Committee on the National Bank bill. Mr. Stevens offered a substitute for the thirtieth section, with a view to restore the 7 per centum interest on loans, accounts, etc., the Committee having the day before reduced it to six, which was agreed to. The substitute, in effect, restores the original thirtieth section, which provides that every association may receive, charge, or retain on any loan or discount made, or upon any note, bill of exchange, or other evidence of debt, interest at the rate of 7 per centum per annum. The knowingly taking, receiving, or charging a greater rate of interest is to be held and adjudged as a forfeiture of the entire interest. These paying it may recover back in an action of debt twice the amount of interest thus paid. The section designating the places of redemption was amended so as to include St. Louis, Louisville, Chicago, New Orleans, Cincinnati, Baltimore, Philadelphia, Boston, New York, San Francisco, Detroit, Pittsburg, Albany, Cleveland, Milwaukee, Portland, and Buffalo. Mr. Eldridge moved an amendment, proposing that the notes be redeemed in gold. No further action was taken on the bill.----April 1. Mr. Wilson asked leave to introduce a bill regulating commerce among the several States. It declares that each and every railroad company is authorized to transport freight and passengers from one State to another, any thing in the laws of any State to the contrary notwithstanding. Objection was raised.—Mr. Blaine introduced a bill to provide for refunding to loyal States certain sums of money expended by them in raising, organizing, and equipping troops for the Union army. It provides for a Board of three Commissioners to hold sessions in Washington, and report to Congress the ascertained sums due the States, towns, cities, and counties. The bill was referred.—Mr. Eliot reported a bill fixing the rules for preventing collisions on the water, by signals, fog whistles, etc. Mr. Eliot explained that the object of the bill was to contribute toward aa uniform international code of rules. The importance of such a code had for a long time been felt by the parties interested, but up to this time none had been established by this Government. The bill was passed. —A bill regulating the admeasurement and tonnage of ships and vessels of the United States was passed.—A bill was passed providing that the name of the Collection District of Presque Isle be changed to the District of Erie.—Another bill was passed exempting from the payment of tonnage duties after August 1 next, all canal-boats, freight-barges, scows, and other crafts without masts, and confined to tide-water or within certain bounds.—Mr. Ward reported a joint resolution to give notice of terminating the Reciprocity Treaty with Canada at the end of twelve months from the expiration of ten years from the time the treaty went into operation.—The House then went into Committee of the Whole on the National Bank bill. The Committee struck out, by a vote of 54 against 30, the ninth section, which provided that no association shall pay out or put in circulation the notes of any bank or banking association not authorized by this act.—April 2. Mr. Pendleton called up his motion to reconsider the vote by which the House disagreed to the Senate's amendment to the Montano Territory bill, and asking a Committee of Conference. He said that the Senate's amendment striking out the word "white" was to give negroes the right to vote in the Territory. He therefore wanted the House to adhere to its disagreement. Mr. Beaman moved to lay Mr. Pendleton's motion to reconsider on the table. Agreed to by yeas 63, nays 49.—The House then resumed the consideration of the Raritan and Delaware Bay Railroad bill. Mr. Sweat spoke against the Bill, believing it had no warrant in the Constitution of the United States or laws of the country. The subject went over with the expiration of the morning hour.—The House then went into Committee of the Whole and resumed the consideration of the National Bank bill, and acted upon several amendments.--April 4. A resolution calling on the Secretary of War to inform the House as to the amount of money received as commutation for drafted men, and the disposition made of the same, was laid on the table.—A resolution calling for information as to the number of negroes enlisted, the cost of their enlistment, etc., was also laid on the table.—Mr. Davis, from the Committee on Foreign Affairs, reported the following joint resolution, which, after remarks from Messrs. Davis, Brooks, and Cox, was unanimously adopted : " Resolved, That the Congress of the United States are unwilling by silence to leave the nations of the world under the impression that they are indifferent spectators of the deplorable events now transpiring in the Republic of Mexico; therefore, they think it fit to declare that it does not accord with the convictions of the People of the United States to acknowledge a Monarchical Government erected on the ruins of any Republican Government in America, under the auspices of any European Power." — The consideration of the National Bank bill was resumed. Mr. Blaine offered a new section, which was adopted, " That 7 per centum, as fixed under the thirtieth section of this bill, shall be deemed the lawful rate of interest in States where no rate is established ; but each bank shall be governed by the State law where it is located."--April 5. Mr. Arnold reported a bill, which he explained to be a bill amendatory of the Post-Route act of July, 1862, and providing for the construction of two bridges over the Ohio River, to enable the railroads of Indiana and Illinois to meet those on the banks of the Ohio in Kentucky, and for the security of navigation by directing the bridges to be built from 260 to 300 feet high. The bill, after some debate, was recommitted. —A resolution directing the Military Committee to report a bill increasing the pay of privates of the army, was referred.—Mr. Rice asked for the Committee on Naval Affairs leave of absence for ten days from the 7th, in order to visit the West for the purpose of examining several sites for a Navy yard on the Mississippi and its tributaries. The request was laid on the table.—The House then went into the Committee of the Whole on the National Banking bill Several amendments were adopted, when the Committee reported the bill to the House. Mr. Stevens offered a substitute substantially the same as amended, but fixing the rate of interest at 7 per centum, and omitting the clause giving to the States the privilege to tax the capital stock.

THE MILITARY SITUATION.

Operations in the Southwest are actively continued. The armies of Generals A. J. Smith and Banks have effected a junction at Alexandria, Louisiana, the enemy retreating to Shreveport by land. Our gunboats seized over 4000 bales of cotton, and vast quantities were still coming in. Two steamers, with 3000 bales of cotton, were burned by the rebels to prevent their falling into our hands. The magazines at Fort de Hussey were blown up by General Smith on the 16th ult. On the 21st ult. a reconnoissance was made under General Mower to Henderson's Hill, a place twentyfour miles above Alexandria, where the enemy was surprised, and our forces captured 282 prisoners, including twenty commissioned officers ; one full battery, Edgar's Texas Artillery, four pieces, two 6-pound and two 12-pound howitzers; several wagons ; 150 good horses, embracing 36 fine artillery horses with complete harness and other necessary equipments. Franklin, Louisiana, has been evacuated by our troops, and the Government stores removed to Brashear City.

From Texas we hear that Indianola was evacuated on the morning of the 13th of March. With the troops several Union families, principally Germans, left, taking with them in some instances the lumber of their tenements, as they had taken the oath of allegiance, with the expectation that the army would remain. The troops, under Gen-

243

eral Fitz Henry Warren, took the land route, crossing the bayous by pontoon ferries. In doing so thirtyfour men and two horses were drowned by the swamping of the boats. General McClernand had gone down the coast to make a visit to Arkansas Pass and Brownsville.

Ten thousand effective troops have marched south from Fort Smith, Arkansas. The whole number in the department under General Steele, now moving southward, is from 30,000 to 35,000. This force, it is supposed, will unite with those of Banks and Smith in some movement in Northeastern Texas.

MISCELLANEOUS.

General Grant, accompanied by Generals McDowell and "Baldy" Smith, last week visited Fortress Monroe, and had a conference with General Butler. General Smith will have command of the troops and personally conduct military operations in General Butler's Department.

Over 900 rebel deserters came into Chattanooga during the month of March. The receipts of deserters have fallen off for a few days past.

Two rebel steamers, loaded with cotton, have been captured on Lakes George and Harney, in Florida, by Federal expeditions from Pilatka.

Operations against Fort Powell, near Mobile, have been suspended for the present.

Robert Ould, the rebel Commissioner of Exchange, last week visited Fortress Monroe and had an interview with General Butler. The interview was cordial and pleasant. An arrangement for the further exchange of prisoners was effected.

A serious riot occurred last week in Coles county, Illinois. An armed body of "butternuts," over 1000 strong, marched into the town of Charleston, and without provocation assailed a body of soldiers whom they found there. The Union citizens armed themselves and went to the help of the soldiers, when a fight ensued, in which several persons were killed. Subsequently the "butternuts" took up an intrenched position, whence they threatened to advance upon the towns of Mattoon and Charleston. A large body of military, however, was sent to the scene, and the rioters were dispersed, a considerable number of them being taken prisoners.

The rebels have appeared in some force at Grand Junction and Somerville, Tennessee, and at the latter place defeated a Federal cavalry force with some loss.

No demonstration has yet been made by the enemy In front of our position at Chattanooga. They are said, however, to be moving a large force of Cavalry below Ringgold, Georgia.

A report was in circulation at Vicksburg on the 28th ult., to the effect that Polk's rebels were taking up their old lines on the Big Black and Yazoo.

Several troopers belonging to Dahlgren's command, captured near Richmond, have succeeded in effecting their escape and rejoining their regiments.

THE SPRING ELECTIONS.

The State election in Connecticut on the 4th instant resulted in the success of the Union ticket by over 5000 majority, a gain of nearly 3000. The gains in some of the larger towns were unexampled. The Legislature is about three quarters Union. In the Senate there are but three Democrats.

In St. Louis, on the 4th, the Radical candidate for Mayor was elected by 2500 majority.

In Leavenworth, on the 4th, the municipal election was attended by a serious riot. The "Conservative" candidates were elected, having driven the friends of the opposing ticket from the polls.

FOREIGN NEWS.

EUROPE.

THE SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN WAR.

ON the 18th ult. three Prussian men-of-war attacked the Danish blockading squadron off Greifswalde, and after on engagement of two hours the Prussians returned to the harbor. The Danish Government has decreed the release of the Hanoverian ships under embargo in Danish ports. From the 17th to the 19th ult. there was heavy cannonading all along the line of Duppel, and the Sonjeberg portion was carried by the Prussians after a severe assault. Duppel was still unharmed. The Germans have abandoned the siege of Frederica, after burning part of the town by their bombardment. Fresh disturbances have taken place in Stockholm, the object of which was to force the Government to conclude an offensive alliance with Denmark. The King of Denmark has declared that he is ready to do any thing to obtain peace, but he would never submit to humiliation.

The Conference proposed by England, without a detailed basis or armistice, has been accepted by Austria and Prussia. The territorial integrity of the Danish monarchy under the present dynasty will be maintained. The Conference is to meet at once.

MAXIMILIAN AND THE REBELS.

The Emperor Maximilian would embark for Mexico on the 13th of April. It was rumored that a line of policy, embracing entire neutrality as regards American affairs, had been agreed upon between Napoleon and Maximilian. During Maximilian's visit to Paris, Mr. Slidell applied by letter to him for an audience. After consulting his Imperial host, Maximilian firmly but courteously declined to grant it. The rumors, therefore, of an early recognition of the Confederate States by France and Mexico, and an alliance between the latter empire and the Southern Confederacy, are altogether devoid of foundation.

THE PIRATES.

The pirate Florida was at Santa Cruz, Teneriffe, March 4, and coaled and left on the 5th. The United States sloop-of-war St. Louis arrived in pursuit on the 6th. A decision had been made in England in the Pampero case, which sends it to trial on its merits, and refuses the motion for an appeal to the House of Lords. Four new and very swift blockade runners were on the point of leaving Liverpool to engage in the nefarious business.

MISCELLANEOUS.

Garibaldi had embarked from Caprera on the 22d of March, and was expected at Southampton shortly. In the elections in the fourth and fifth Conscriptions of Paris, the Opposition candidates were chosen by large majorities.

The Earl of Aberdeen died on the 22d of March. Lord Ashburton is also dead.

ARMY AND NAVY ITEMS.

IT appears from an official communication of the Secretary of War that the strength of the forces in Kansas an the Indian Territory, subject to the order of General CURTIS, is 16,000 men.

There are 162 Colonels now commanding brigades, without including those temporarily commanding in the absence of the proper brigade commanders.

All sutlers have been ordered to leave the Army of the Potomac.

General ORD, specially brought on from Texas for the purpose, is to command the forces in Western Virginia in the field, ranking General SIGEL in this respect. General SIGEL is to be in command of the Department, but will not conduct active military operations.

General BANKS has issued an order establishing a bureau for the Instruction of freedmen in Louisiana. The Fifth Regiment New York Volunteers has given to the army no less than five Major and Brigadier Generals, to wit : ABRAM DURYEE, G. K. WARREN, J. M. DAVIES, JUDSON KILPATRICK, HENRY E. DAVIES.

It is said that General BUELL, will succeed General SCHOFIELD in command of the Department of the Ohio. General CARLETON has been relieved from his command in New Mexico and Arizona, and a court of inquiry has been ordered in his case.

In the First Michigan Regiment of sharp-shooters there are two companies of full-blooded Chippewa Indians. Our gun-boats have established a blockade at the mouth of the Red River.


 

 

  

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