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Civil War Harper's Weekly, October 15, 1864

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HARPER'S WEEKLY.

[OCTOBER 15, 1864.

670

(Previous Page) that Colonel OGLESBY was enabled to display those native military qualities which made him one of the most admirable, distinguished, and beloved heroes and leaders of our Western army of volunteers. In February, 1862, he marched with his men from Cairo to the Tennessee River ; and at the great initial victory of the war—the battle of Fort Donelson—where he commanded a brigade consisting of five regiments of Illinois infantry, two batteries, and a bony or cavalry, he stood out prominently as one of the coolest, bravest, and above all, as one of the most daring and dashing of officers among a body of men that never in the history of the world was surpassed for these qualities. His brigade was in McCLERNAND'S division, which was posted on our extreme right; and the accounts of the three days' struggle published at the time showed the splendid and effective work performed by OGLESBY'S brigade from Thursday, when he first met the rebels and forced them from two positions, until Saturday, when the whole rebel garrison surrendered. Of the second day before Donelson one of the correspondents writes: " I must admit that, riding along our lines on Friday, and witnessing the formidable field-works of the enemy (between five and six miles in extent) which reared themselves every where to the front of us, I feared that the task of reducing them would be, at the best, a matter of considerable time. But cold and hungry, and with garments stiff with frost, the soldiers were still hopeful and firm. The universal sentiment was, as bluff Colonel OGLESBY expressed it, 'We came here to take that fort, and we will take it.' Not that day, but the next, brought forth the glorious fruit of this resolute purpose." For his gallantry on this. occasion Colonel OGLESBY was commissioned Brigadier-General of Volunteers.

On the subsequent advance of GRANT'S army up the Tennessee River, and as far as Pittsburg Landing, General OGLESBY accompanied it with his brigade ; and at the great battle of Shiloh, in April, he bore a distinguished part.

But we do not propose to recount all the services of our hero in the eventful summer of 1862.

At the battle and victory of Corinth, in October, General OGLESBY was present in command of a division. It was at this remarkable action that his military and manly qualities received their highest illustration ; and it was here also that his services in the field terminated. While in the very thick and fury of the battle, " glorious old Dick," as his soldiers called him, was shot through the chest, and was borne from the field in a condition that led to a report of his death—which mistake Mr. RUSSELL has incorporated in his book on the American war. He was carried to his home in Illinois, where he was for nearly a year confined by his wound, which also permanently unfitted him for service.

General OGLESBY is now the Union candidate for Governor of Illinois, and on the second Tuesday of October will doubtless be elevated to the Chief Magistracy of that gallant and patriotic State.

Mr. "Bull Run" RUSSELL, in the "North and South," gives a lively picture of Colonel OGLESBY, whom he met at Cairo at the head of his regiment at the inception of the war. " He struck me," says RUSSELL, " by his shrewdness, simple honesty, and zeal. He told me that he had begun life in the utmost obscurity; but that somehow or other he got into a lawyer's office, and there, by hard drudgery, by mother wit and industry, notwithstanding a defective education, he had raised himself not only to independence, but to such a position that one thousand men had gathered at his call, and selected one who had never led a company in his life to be their Colonel. In fact, he is an excellent orator of the Western school, and made good, homely, telling speeches to his men. I'm not as good as your Frenchmen of the schools of Paris, nor am I equal to the Russian colonels I met at St. Petersburg,' said he ; 'but I know I can do good straight fighting with my boys when I get a chance.'" We may add, that General OGLESBY'S subsequent career showed that this was no mere empty boast. He did indeed do " good straight fighting" with his boys when he got a chance, which was very soon.

The same writer subsequently describes a gathering of soldiers at Cairo to listen to patriotic speeches : " OGLESBY was next summoned, and the tall, portly, good humored old man stepped to the front, and with excellent tact and good sense, dished up in the Buncombe style, told them the time for making speeches had passed; indeed it had lasted too long ; and although it was said there was very little fighting when there was much talking, he believed too much talking was likely to lead to a great deal more fighting than any one desired to see between citizens of the United States of America, except their enemies, who, no doubt, were much better pleased to see Americans fighting each other than to see them engaged in any other employment."

These, though striking and sensible, are certainly hardly fair specimens of General OGLESBY'S oratorical style ; for the popular speeches he has delivered in Illinois during the present Gubernatorial campaign are as noble specimens of natural and patriotic eloquence as the times have produced.

THE WINDOWS OF THE SOUL.

LAVATER, in his work on Physiognomy, which created so great a sensation throughout Europe toward the end of last century, makes a remark regarding the hereditary brilliancy of eyes in certain families, which is partly true and partly false. "When any extraordinary vivacity appears in the eyes of the mother," says the Swiss mystic, " there is almost a certainty that these eyes will become hereditary ; for the imagination of the mother is delighted with nothing so much as the beauty of her own eyes."

The " extraordinary vivacity" of which Lavater speaks must proceed either from the hereditary qualities of the soul or from the special culture it has received: first in the ordinary world of sense and show, and then in the higher sphere of emotions and ideas. The mother who possesses true

nobility of soul can not fail to give her children a portion of the rich inheritance she has derived from her ancestors ; and this, no doubt, determines that strong individuality of features and expression by which certain families are characterized. As a general rule, however, far more depends upon the culture which the soul- receives from parents and teachers than upon the frame in which it is lodged.

Emerson makes some notable remarks, in his " Conduct of Life," on the marvelous phenomena of our spiritual being, as it shows itself at the " windows of the soul," which are well worthy of study.

"Eyes are bold as lions—roving, running, leaping here and there, far and near. They speak all languages. They wait for no introduction; they are no Englishmen ; ask no leave of age or rank ; they respect neither poverty nor riches, neither learning nor power, nor virtue, nor sex, but intrude, and come again, and go through and through you in a moment of time   The communication by the
eye is, in the greater part, not subject to the control of the will. It is the bodily symbol of identity of nature. We look into the eyes to know if this other form is another self; and the eyes will not lie, but make a faithful confession what inhabitant is there. The revelations are sometimes terrific. The confession of a low, usurping devil is there made; and the observer shall seem to feel the stirring of owls and bats, and horned hoofs, where he looked for innocence and simplicity."

" It is a point of cunning," says Lord Bacon, "to wait upon him with whom you speak with your eye; as the Jesuits give it in precept ; for there be many wise men that have secret hearts and transparent countenances: yet this would be done with a demure abasing of your eyes sometimes, as the Jesuits also do use." As the Jesuits are exceedingly cunning they naturally adopt this demure aspect for the purpose of concealing their own thoughts as closely as possible, while they are all the while trying to read the inmost soul of the person to whom they are speaking. This is quite as bad as the reckless, roving expression of the eye which marks the American. The right course is to look the person with whom' you are conversing full in the face, showing neither unmanly timidity nor undue boldness. That artificial and demure look which Lord Bacon calls " a point of cunning" is the usual mark of a Jesuit, but it is not confined to the disciples of Loyola. Now and then we encounter a face of this description, where the cunning expression has been produced by other causes. " The greatest hypocrite I ever knew," says Hazlitt, " was a little demure, pretty, modest looking girl, with eyes timidly cast upon the ground, and an air soft as enchantment. The only circumstance that could lead to a suspicion of her true character was a cold, sullen, watery, glazed look about the eyes, which she bent on vacancy, as if determined to avoid all explanation with yours. I might have spied in their glittering, motionless surface the rocks and quicksands that awaited below." This, however, is only a one sided view of the affair. What would the "little, demure, pretty, modest looking have said about the expression of Hazlitt's own eyes? Had she been able to express her feelings in as fine words as he used we might have had as repulsive a picture of him as he has drawn of her. Patmore tells us that Hazlitt's eyes were neither fine nor brilliant; and as for expression, " there, was a. furtive and, at times, a sinister look about them, as they glanced suspiciously from under their overhanging brows, that conveyed a very unpleasant impression to those that did not know him. And they were seldom directed frankly and fairly toward you, as if he were afraid that you might read in them what was passing in his mind concerning you."

Hazlitt ought to have remembered the fundamental law which reigns through all physiognomical relations, that like begets like. If your eyes wear a habitually suspicious or jealous expression, you may be sure that they will call forth a corresponding look in the eyes of most people with whom you come in contact. On the other hand, if your eyes have an open, frank, and cheerful expression, as if a good natured soul were looking out of the window, you will find most people responding to your hearty greeting in the same pleasant ocular dialect. Marvelous also is the power which one soul exercises over another through the eyes, in imparting whatever passion or feeling predominates at the moment. This is certainly one of the greatest mysteries of our dual nature, but it is one to which we shall obtain the key when we have acquired that high degree in self knowledge which enables us, really and truly, to "see oursels as others see us."

Solomon warns us against familiarity with " him than bath an evil eye; for as he thinketh in his heart, so is he." The double minded man can not help showing his real nature in the language of his eye. "Eat and drink, saith he to thee; but his heart is not with thee." Singleness of heart is equally visible in frankness of ocular expression. " My eye no sooner fixed upon his," says John Dunton, " but through that perspective I could see the inward virtue of his soul, which immediately produced a veneration in my breast, and I soon found our hearts beat time to one another." How much of our enjoyment in social intercourse arises from such sympathy is well expressed by Emerson : " Vain and forgotten are all the fine offers and offices of hospitality if there is no holiday in the eye. How many furtive inclinations are avowed by the eye though dissembled by the lips ! A man comes away from a company in which, it may easily happen, he has said nothing, and no important remark has been addressed to him, and yet, if in sympathy with the society, he shall not have a sense of this fact, such a stream of life has been flowing into him, and out from him, through the eyes." Nor is this enjoyment altogether owing to time felicitous temper of the individual himself. The company of sympathetic souls has the effect of a powerful cordial upon a sinking heart. It soon raises it up to a higher level ; and this all the more effectually from the unconscious nature of its operation. When we see "holiday in the eye," we do not need to care I much about what the tongue says.

MINING AFFAIRS.

MAMMOTH OIL COMPANY.-We should judge by the large number of these corporations now being organized that the petroleum oil business was very prosperous. The discovery of this oil has been worth already millions of dollars to the Government. The shipments abroad are at present perfectly enormous, and are steadily and rapidly increasing. A new company, known as the "President Petroleum Company," is now being organized, with a prospective capital of $5,000,000. We have seen a list of the stockholders, and it embraces some of the strongest names in the City of New York, including seven bank presidents, and other leading men connected with some of the largest institutions in the country. We have no interest in any oil company, but do not hesitate to say that had we money to invest, we should take some of' this stock. It promises to pay large dividends, and can hardly help doing so even with only moderate success. Those of our readers who have money to invest in corporations of this character will find this new company worthy of their attention. lee advertisement in our columns, last page.—Independent

PROPOSALS FOR LOAN. 5-20 Bonds. TREASURY DEPARTMENT, Washington, Oct. 1, 1864.

Sealed offers will be received at this Department, under the act of Congress, approved June 30, 1864, until the noon of Friday, the 14th instant, for bonds of the United States, to the amount of forty millions of dollars. The bonds offered will bear an interest of six per centum, payable semi-annually, in coin, on the first days of May and November, and will be redeemable at the pleasure of the Government, after five years, and payable in twenty years from November 1, 1864. Each offer must be for fifty or some multiple of fifty dollars, and must state the sum including premium offered for each hundred dollars, or for fifty when the offer is for no more than fifty. Two per cent. of the principal (including premium) of the whole amount bid for, by each bidder, must be deposited, as a guarantee for the payment of subscriptions if accepted, with the Treasurer of the United States at Washington, or with the Assistant Treasurer at New York, Boston, Philadelphia, or St. Louis, or with the designated Depositary at Baltimore, Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, Louisville, Chicago, Detroit, or Buffalo, or with any National Deposit Bank which may consent to transact the business without charge, for which deposits duplicate certificates will be issued to the depositors by the officer or bank receiving them—the originals of which must be forwarded, with the offers, to this Department. All deposits should be made in time for the certificates with the offers to reach Washington not later than the morning of October 14, as aforesaid. No offer, not accompanied by its proper certificate of deposit, will be considered,

The Coupon and Registered Bonds, issued under this proposal, will be of the denominations of $50, $100, $500, and $1000. Registered Bonds of $5000 and $10,000 will be issued if required.

All offers received will be opened on Friday, October 14th. The awards will be made by the Secretary to the highest offerers, and notice of acceptance or declination will be immediately given to the respective offerers. In cases of acceptance, bonds of the description and denomination preferred will be sent to the subscribers, at the cost of tae Department, on final payment of installments. The deposit of two per cent. will be reckoned in the last installments, paid by successful offerers, and will be immediately returned to those whose offers may not be accepted.

The amount of accepted offers must be deposited with the Treasurer, officer, or bank authorized to act under this notice, on advice of the acceptance of offers, as follows : One half on the 20th October, and the balance (including the premium and original two per cent. deposit) on the 31st October.

The bonds will bear interest from November 1st. In. terest on deposits, from their date to November 1, will be paid by the Government in coin.

One half of the first installment, or twenty-five per cent. of accepted offers, may be paid, with accrued interest to October 14, in United States "Certificates of Indebtedness," but such certificates will be received in part payment of the first installment only.

Ofters under this notice should be endorsed" Offer for Loan," and addressed to the Secretary of the Treasury. The right to decline all offers not considered advantageous to the Government, is reserved by the Secretary.

W. P. FESSENDEN,

Secretary of the Treasury.

SOMETHING TO DO—"PLEASANT AND PROFITABLE,"—Good Books, ready sales, and good profits. Agents wanted. Address, with prepaid envelope for
answer, FOWLER & WELLS, 389 Broadway, New York.

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One application warranted to curl the most straight and stubborn hair into wavy ringlets or heavy massive curls. Sent, post-paid, on receipt of $l 00. Address

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Agents and Dealers can get the best and cheapest Stationery Package in the world. Also Campaign Medals, Lithographic Portraits of Gen. McClellan, Lincoln, Grant, and all the leading Gen'ls. Battle scene', &c. Send stamp for circulars to John Gibson, 32 Beekman St., N. Y.

Shults' Onguent, warranted to produce a full set of Whiskers in six weeks, or money refunded. Sent post-paid, for 50 cents. Address C. F. SHULTS, Troy, N. Y.

Six Dollars made from fifty cts. Call and examine, or samples sent free by mail for 50 cents. Retails for $6, by R. L. WOLCOTT,170 Chatham Square, N. Y.

A Good New Novel,
AND A

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HARPER & BROTHERS, NEW YORK,
Publish this Day:

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AND WASHOE.

CRUSOE'S ISLAND; a Ramble in the Footsteps of Alexander Selkirk. With Sketches of Adventure In California and Washoe. By A. Ross BROWNE, Author of "Yusef," &c. With Illustrations. 12mo, Cloth, $1 75.

" These accounts of Mr. Browne's varied travels in divers portions of the globe are marked by the peculiar characteristics of the author. At the bottom of all is sound common sense, keen observation, and a quick perception of odd phases of character; or rather, perhaps,. the odd phases of even the most common place characters. If there is any thing quaint or humorous in any person whom he meets, it is sure to be drawn out by the magnetic attraction of Mr. Browne's genial humor....   In nothing is Browne more happy than in hitting off the travelling John Bull, as, provided with the thousand- and-one absolute necessities of a gentleman, he undertakes to 'rough it' in the wilds of California. Leech does not more cleverly hit off the Englishman at home than Browne does the Briton abroad, with pen and pencil—for he is as clever with one as with the other. There is nothing ill-natured in Mr. Browne's humor. He likes the world and every body in it; and so every body likes him. He can not travel a day in the strangest country without making friends."

II.
TROLLOPE'S LINDISFARN CHASE.

LINDISFARN CHASE. A Novel. By T. ADOLPHUS TROLLOPE. 8vo, Cloth, $2 00 ; Paper, $1 50.

"In 'Lindisfarn Chase' Mr. T. Adolphus Trollope has put himself fairly into competition with his more celebrated brother, the author of Orley Farm' and The Small House at Allington,' as a delineator of life and manners. The characters of Marguerite, the English girl who has been bien elevee by a French kinswoman, and of her mari, Mr. Frederick Falconer, the calculating young banker, areas carefully studied and skillfully developed as any personages in Balzac."

HARPER & BROTHERS

Have just Published ;

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